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Brilliant diamond apk download	More on this topic By the same author 9. Others will value your contribution. Lead-Up Principle 8: Become a Go-To Player Maxwell introduces this chapter with a hypothetical scenario: imagine you are working on an important task with an impending deadline, when you are suddenly handed another major task with the same this web page. Maxwell is a 1 New York Times bestselling author, coach, and speaker who has sold more than 33 million books in fifty languages. Related Products.

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We then produce a detailed 50 plus report is then which can is shared with the leader and the sponsor the Human resources department of the manager. The debriefing session shares the report with the leader and has two objectives.

The first is to help the leader make sense of the data and convert it into actionable insights. An external coach certified and skilled in using the degree feedback tool is the best person to share the report with the leader.

There are several reasons. It makes the leader aware of her strengths and improvement areas in terms of the perception of all team members.

Usually, the leader also prepares an individual development plan as part of the debriefing. Read the article: Everything you ever wanted to know about executive coaching.

A skilled coach helps the leader to interpret the results of the feedback. The coach helps the leader convert data into actionable insights. The coach also helps develop an IDP or individual developmental plan. Some companies are under the incorrect impression that providing feedback will motivate the leader enough to change.

However, research has shown that these plans hardly ever get converted into consistent actions by the leader. After the feedback session, hiring an executive coach drastically improves feedback, resulting in behavior change at work. Without proper support and follow-up, the value of degree feedback can diminish, and it may lose credibility and cause distrust in employees to undergo this process.

Read: How to find the best executive coach for you or the leaders in your organization. What are some guidelines and best practices to implement degree feedback?

The pandemic has impacted how employees work. A large number of employees are now working in a hybrid environment пїЅ working from the office for part of the work week, and working from home or anywhere the rest of the work week.

Many organizations have permanently shifted to hybrid work. And that is not all. Some companies and some industries have now shifted to completely remote work. So how does that impact the degree feedback? Do we still need a degree feedback? The answer to that question is yes. With completely remote or hybrid work environment, there are less chances of communication and interaction.

There are not yet any equivalents of water cooler discussions in a virtual environment. Although there are many tools available пїЅ it is still a work in progress. With lesser opportunities for informal communication and interaction, it becomes even more important to conduct degree feedback in a hybrid, virtual or remote work environment. Regularly conducted degree feedback allows people to understand how they come across and where they can improve.

Remember that the purpose of degree feedback is to make the employee aware of the gap between their intention and their impact. Hence, it is a good practice to conduct degree feedback once a year for hybrid or remote employees. When human resource professionals ask this question пїЅ I reply with another question.

How often do you collect feedback from your customers for your product or service? Usually, the answer is пїЅ on a regular basis пїЅ through customer surveys, calls, and other tools. So how often should you conduct degree feedback for your leaders? The answer again is пїЅ on a regular basis. Several progressive companies regularly conduct degree feedback for all their managers once a year.

Usually, managers rate the performance of their direct reports. It is often a one-way process. The degree feedback allows this to become a two-way process. The ideal frequency for a degree feedback is once a year. In that case, it is good to conduct it every other year.

Just like customer feedback is a regular and ongoing process пїЅ degree feedback also is a regular and ongoing process from your internal customers пїЅ your own team members.

Marshall Goldsmith. The research included the CEOs of Fortune companies, global thought leaders and their inputs, and international business executives of multinationals on six continents. A statistician creates most assessments. In contrast, the GLA is created based on inputs by the leaders and for the leaders. A real-life leader, in all likeliness, will know a lot more about leadership than an academician or a statistician.

You are assessed on competencies that have made real leaders in multinationals successful. You are compared with actual leaders, which gives a more accurate assessment helpful in the real world. The GLA measures the following 15 competencies that matter to real leaders on 6 continents.

It shows leaders the areas they need to develop to succeed in a competitive business environment. It is based on solid research and compares your scores to a norm group of successful leaders worldwide.

We can administer the degree feedback for you or your team anywhere globally and in multiple languages English, Chinese Simplified , Polish, Dutch, German and French. It is also complicated and requires the expertise of a certified professional to understand. We offer a cost-effective and all-inclusive solution for your degree needs. Schedule an exploratory minute conversation to explore the GLA tool пїЅ We deliver it virtually across the globe.

Click the button below to schedule a conversation. What are some sample feedback questions? The GLA instrument we use measures the 15 competencies that matter to real leaders on 6 continents. We can group the feedback providers or raters under the following groups. Here is a sample question under self-awareness competency. The raters give a score of 1 being lowest to 5 being highest.

So, in this case, if the rater thinks that the leader is quite aware of his actions and decision on others, she may rate the leader a 4 or a 5. On the other hand, if the leader is clueless about how his behavior or actions affect others, he may rater the leader a 1 or a 2.

What is the next step after the debriefing session? The leader will also prepare an IDP. Is that enough for behavior change and improvement? Unfortunately, the answer is no.

Not because the leaders are not committed or lazy. But because leaders get busy. They handle relentless demands from multiple stakeholders. Urgencies and emergencies are a norm and not an exception. In such an environment, the individual development of the leaders takes a back seat, and things go back to their default mode. Leadership development has similarities to fitness goals. Can you lose weight and get fit on your own? Of course, you can. But as we all know from personal experience, it is not so easy.

Gyms are crowded in the first week of the new year. Instead, if you hired a personal trainer to help you achieve your fitness goals пїЅ would that improve your chances of success? Similarly, you can achieve your leadership development goals on your own. But we know from experience that it is not easy. Hiring an executive coach increases your chances exponentially. We offer Marshall Goldsmith executive coaching worldwide.

It is the best coaching program because it is the same executive coaching process used by Marshall Goldsmith to coach CEOs of Fortune companies worldwide. Read: Which is the best leadership development program? That delivers guaranteed and measurable leadership growth. It is used by companies ranging from startups to of the Fortune companies to develop their leaders.

Time and resource-efficient : The leader does not have to leave work to attend training programs. We go to the leader and her team. And it only takes 1. The rest of the time, the leader is working to implement with her team. Separate and customized improvement areas for each leader : Every leader is different. Individual development areas for each leader aligned to the business strategy.

The leader becomes the coach: for continuous improvement for leaders themselves and their teams. It is like kaizen for your leadership development. Vanessa Druskat.

Norma Hedin , Stanley J Ward. Reza Fahmi. Hartwell T P Davis. Jeff Gold. Fernando Muniz. Tony Richie. Deirdre Dixon. Orlando Ayllon. IJAR Indexing.

Desmond Okocha. Kit HIll. Chris Haughton. Log in with Facebook Log in with Google. Remember me on this computer. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Abraham Soto. Related Papers. Analysis of the effectiveness of NLP applied as a leadership training methodology.

International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing Key leadership qualities for major sporting events: the case of the World Aquatics Championships.

What Drives Resistance to Change? In this book, Maxwell deals with an important topic: not everyone is called to be the top leader in an organisation, and so we need to learn to lead from "the middle". The idea of Degree Leadership is that we should be able to "lead up", influencing our leaders, "lead across", influencing our peers, and "lead down", influencing those lower down the organisational hierarchy. As usual, Maxwell gets his points across with a series of fairly brief, pithy chapters dealing with various practical issues.

He introduces the first section, which deals with myths about leadership, by reflecting on the sorts of people we instinctively think of when we think of "a leader": William Wallace, Winston Churchill, Mahatma Gandhi, etc.

Taking this further, all of us can lead effectively, even if we're not the Vice Chancellor or the CEO. He notes that many people are good in one direction e. In contrast, Degree Leaders have influence in all directions, with their superiors, with their peers and with their subordinates. While this may seem like a tall order, Maxwell provides some helpful guidelines in the book on how to lead in all three directions: up, across and down. He dedicates a section to each of these topics, but begins the book with a section that discusses a number of myths commonly believed about leading from the middle, followed by a second introductory section that discusses a number of challenges that middle leaders may face.

Myth 1: The Position Myth - I cannot lead if I'm not at the top The perception that one cannot lead without a position or title is widely held, but not true in Maxwell's opinion. As he states in "The 21 Irrefutable Laws of Leadership", "The true measure of leadership is influence - nothing more, nothing less". To counter this myth, Maxwell puts forward a hierarchy of leadership.

At the lowest level is Position, where people follow you because they have to - this is leadership based on Rights. Level 2 is characterised by Permission, where people allow you to lead them - this is based on Relationship. Level 3 is the level of Production, where people follow you because of your achievements - based on Results. At level 4, the focus is on People Development, where people follow because of what you do for them - based on Reproduction. Lastly, the highest level of leadership is characterised by Personhood, where people follow you because of "who you are and what you represent" - based on Respect.

One starts at the bottom of this hierarchy with every person you interact with, and must earn the right to lead at higher levels.

Using this hierarchy as a guideline, it is clear that one can lead without a significant position. Maxwell puts it this way: "Influencing others is a matter of disposition, not position". This can be done from anywhere in an organisation. In fact, middle leadership is vital for any organisation. Maxwell quotes David Branker, a long- standing and successful middle leader: "To do nothing in the middle is to create more weight for the top leader to move Leaders in the middle can have a profound effect on an organization".

A closing quote, from Maxwell: Leadership is a choice you make, not a place you sit. Anyone can choose to become a leader wherever he is. You can make a difference no matter where you are. Some things to think about: 1 Can you think of any examples of middle leaders, who clearly exert an influence beyond the bounds of their position?

We continue our introduction to the idea of Degree Leadership, by considering the next few common myths that Maxwell finds are commonly held. Charlie was a fairly keen recreational runner, who ran regularly and occasionally even competed in a 10km race. However, he had a goal of running a marathon, and decided in to run the Chicago marathon. Needless to say, he didn't just arrive in Chicago in October and run the race.

His preparation and training was rigorous. This process started with the selection of the Chicago marathon. After much research he found that this was a relatively fast, flat route, with very dependable weather conditions, and great crowd support - in short, the ideal venue for a first attempt at a marathon. He also researched how to run a marathon, using web sites, articles, chatting to marathon runners, etc.

He even found someone with some experience of marathons who agreed to run with him in Chicago. Then he started to train in April , increasing his weekly distance steadily.

By October he was ready and easily completed the marathon. If you want to succeed, you need to learn as much as you can about leadership before you have a leadership position". Maxwell describes how people often tell him that they will read his books when they become leaders. He has to bite his tongue, and resist the temptation to tell them that they may not become leaders if they don't do some preparation! He strongly believes that leadership is learned by experience: one needs to seize any opportunities to develop leadership skills.

He also quotes John Wooden, the famous basketball coach: "When opportunity comes, it's too late to prepare". One has to prepare for leadership ahead of time. When she heard that the Secretary for Labour had resigned she suggested that her husband would be a good replacement - he worked hard and understood labour! While few people would go as far as this woman, the idea that influence comes with position is commonly held. Influence must be earned". Being given a position may give you an opportunity to establish some influence, but this will depend on how well you lead.

A good leader's influence will stretch beyond that conferred by the position. Conversely, a weak leader will end up with even less influence than their position would suggest. Some things to think about: 1 How can one prepare for leadership before gaining a leadership position? Or conversely, of any leaders who have squandered the influence appropriate to their position? Myth 4: The Inexperience Myth - When I get to the top, I'll be in control Maxwell notes that many people in any organisation will double-guess the leadership: "If I were in charge, we wouldn't have done this Things sure would be different around here if I were the boss".

He notes that there is a positive aspect to such thinking - it demonstrates a desire to improve things, and is indicative of a leaning towards leadership. He quotes Andy Stanley on this issue: "If you're a leader and leaders work for you, they think they can do a better job than you And that's not wrong; that's just leadership".

However, there is also a negative aspect to such thoughts, as they are highly unrealistic. In practice, one often has less control, rather than more, as one ascends the organisational ladder.

This is due to the numerous factors that potentially impact on the organisation, many of which are outside of any leader's control. Having real influence rather than a title or position is essential. As an example of this principle at work, he mentions Carly Fiorina, who was a very successful leader at Lucent, before being hired as the CEO of Hewlett-Packard. While at H-P, she managed the merger with Compaq, which was meant to put H-P in a strong position to compete with Dell.

However, the promise of the merger was not realised, and ultimately Fiorina was asked to leave. Although, she had the top position, she was not in control of the market factors that impacted on the merged company or, ultimately, of her own destiny.

Myth 5: The Freedom Myth - When I get to the top, I'll no longer be limited This is related in some ways to the previous myth, but focuses on the freedom that people believe they will have when they reach the top position in their organisation.

Maxwell puts this idea into words: "When I get to the top, I'll have it made When I'm in charge, the sky will be the limit". In practice, leaders are all subject to very real limits on what they can do. Many of these arise from the increased responsibilities and pressures that come with leadership positions. One has to weigh up the consequences of one's actions as a leader, and their impact on the organisation.

The effect of this can be highly limiting. As an illustration, Maxwell considers a hypothetical, successful salesman. He would probably also have a lot of freedom - e. If he moves further up the organisational ladder, he might become responsible for an entire division, with even greater responsibilities and demands. To illustrate this, Maxwell uses the following diagram, which shows how responsibilities increase as one goes up through and organisation, while rights decrease. At the bottom, a customer has no responsibilities to the organisation, while a CEO has enormous responsibilities.

With these obligations comes diminished rights, and limits on one's freedom. Some things to think about: 1 How much control do you have over your daily work? How much is dictated by organisational needs and the needs of the people you work with? Myth 6: The Potential Myth - I can't reach my potential if I'm not the top leader Maxwell starts this chapter by asking how many children set their career sights on being the Deputy President, or a middle manager!

People's natural inclination is to want to be the top dog. Apparently, an Internet recruiting company ran an ad campaign that poked fun at this by showing small children making statements like "When I grow up, I want to file all day long"! They will spend their careers somewhere in the middle".

His answer is that people should try to be the best that they can be in their position, rather than reaching for the top post. As an example of this, he mentions the career of Dick Cheney. Cheney has had a long career in politics: chief-of-staff to Gerald Ford, secretary of defense for the first President Bush, and Vice President for the second.

Yet he knows that the top position is not his best role". Cheney appears to be content having realised his potential as an effective deputy. Myth 7: The All-or-Nothing Myth - If I can't get to the top, then I won't try to lead Faced with the reality that one is unlikely to become the top leader in an organisation, some people may simply give up on leading at all.

Maxwell describes this attitude as "If I can't be the captain of the team, then I'll take my ball and go home"! Others might not give up completely, but may feel frustrated that they are not at the top. This often results from a belief that success equates with being the top-dog. As an example, Maxwell refers to an article in Fortune magazine in , which identified six men as being heroes of the civil rights struggle in the USA. However, these men never participated in marches or sit-ins.

Their mark was made in some of America's largest corporations, where they rose up through the ranks to become significant leaders but not necessarily the CEO. When they started out, some of them couldn't use the same toilets or facilities as their colleagues, but they persevered in demonstrating their leadership potential and ultimately had a huge impact on their society.

One of them expressed it this way: "you always have a choice of weapons. Some of us chose to do our fighting on the inside". They saw their role as an important complement to the "marching and raising hell and whatnot", as one of them put it. Following the initial success of these six men, Fortune identified a long list of current CEOs, company presidents, etc.

Maxwell notes that anyone can make an impact on their organisation from any position, but only if they don't give in to the frustration and give up trying to make a difference. A closing quote from Maxwell: "I believe that individuals can become better leaders wherever they are You can change people's lives. You can be someone who adds value. You can learn to influence people at every level of the organisation - even if you never get to the top".

Some things to think about: 1 Can you think of anyone who has made a great contribution to some organisation from a position other than the top? You can learn to influence people at every level of the organisation - even if you never get to the top"? How might that perspective apply to you in your current position?

This week we move on from the myths about Degree Leadership to consider some of the challenges that face degree leaders. In this section of his book, "The Degree Leader: Developing Your Influence from Anywhere in the Organization", John Maxwell deals with a number of challenges that face people who try to lead from the middle of an organisation.

He notes that this can be a frustrating scenario, and also provides some advice on how to deal with the challenges. Maxwell notes that middle-leaders are often not sure of exactly where they stand. They have some authority, and some resources.

They have some ability to direct people, but also have limitations on their power. Overstepping one's authority as a middle-leader is likely to be a dangerous move! You may feel that you have good ideas for the organisation's strategic direction, but you cannot make the necessary changes.

All of these factors combine to create the tension of feeling "caught in the middle". Maxwell notes that the authority of a middle-leader is conferred by a leader further up the organisational ladder, and that that person can remove your authority, usually quite easily.

He then turns to consider a number of factors that contribute to this sense of tension. Maxwell tells of the experience of a naval captain, Michael Abrashoff, who was given command of a "problem" ship, the USS Benfold. In his book, "It's Your Ship", Benfold describes how he tackled the poor performance of the sailors under his command, by delegating authority to them.

He describes this process as "defining the parameters in which people are allowed to operate, and then setting them free". In his case, he set the boundaries at anything that "had the potential to kill or injure someone, waste taxpayers' money, or damage the ship". Within these limits his crew had the authority to act on their own initiative. Maxwell points out that this is an ideal situation for middle- leaders, but that often the boundaries of authority are not set this clearly.

People with leadership abilities tend to see and want to seize opportunities. This can lead to tension if your leaders are not comfortable with you initiating activities, and are not ready to empower you to act on opportunities that arise. Maxwell notes that military organisations have a different style to large business corporations, which in turn are different in comparison with small start-ups, etc.

Besides these kinds of large- scale differences, there are also differences arising from organisational culture and the style of the leaders Maxwell notes that the leadership DNA of the USS Benfold changed, dramatically, under Abrashoff's leadership. One needs to carefully assess and understand the environment in which you work, and particularly whether it adds to or minimises the tension you experience as a middle- leader. Maxwell notes that starting a new job is almost always very stressful, due to the uncertainty of the new position.

Public recognition for the performance of an organisation usually goes to the leader at the top. Maxwell then moves on to consider some tips for addressing the Tension Challenge. Such a leader will make life easier for the middle-leaders by creating momentum and smoothing the way, providing empowerment, and clear boundaries, etc.

Even mediocre middle-leaders can thrive in such an organisation. A lot of this comfort comes from having clear expectations: don't expect more from your job than it is likely to provide.

Discussing your expectations with your leader and thus establishing the boundaries of your authority is very helpful. Maxwell tells of a father and son where the son worked for the father, but the father was often away from the organisation on speaking trips.

When he would return there would often be some tension regarding ownership of projects and responsibility for areas of the organisation. The son learned to ask: "Is this yours or mine? The answer to that question clarified his own responsibility, but also served as prompt to the father to back off if it was appropriate for his son to manage some aspect of the organisation given his frequent absences. One of the best things he can do for her is to provide her with information rapidly, allowing her to deal with the pressures that she faces in managing his business affairs.

Most people have probably experienced the converse frustration of having to wait for some information, while champing at the bit to get going with something that needs to be done. The trust of the leadership is essential if you wish to retain the authority that you have and to expand it further.

One important aspect of this is to avoid having "if I were in charge If you have problems with the leader, discuss it directly with them.

It is important to have healthy outlets for stress when it occurs. Maxwell tells of a middle-leader who dealt with his frustration with his leader by keeping a file of "Things I will never do to my team when I become the top leader"! This helped prevent the kinds of problems alluded to in the previous section, by providing him with a way of getting his frustration off his chest and also providing him with a useful resource for when he eventually became the leader of the organisation.

Maxwell also suggests activities such as exercise or getting a massage as constructive ways of dealing with the stresses of middle-leadership. A closing quote: Nobody said becoming a Degree Leader would be easy. Leading from the middle of an organization is stressful, but so is being the top leader The key to succeeding is to learn to deal with the tension of whatever position you are in, overcome its obstacles, and make the most of its advantages and opportunities.

If you do that, you can succeed from anywhere in the organization. Some things to think about: 1 How clear are your boundaries and the amount of authority that you have?

If necessary, how could you clarify these issues? What else could you do to manage it? If the leader won't change, then change your attitude or your work address"!

Maxwell opens this chapter with the story of General Robert E. Lee was a very successful general, and was offered the leadership of the Northern armies at the start of the American Civil War.

However, he was from North Virginia and felt his loyalties lay with the South, so opted to lead the North Virginian army. There his talents rapidly became apparent, as did the fact that he was a far better leader than the President of the Confederacy i.

Four years into the war, the Confederate congress resolved to appoint Lee as overall leader of all the Southern forces. They hoped that this would allow him to work around Davis' poor management of the war.

They even wanted to appoint Lee as Commander-in-Chief, the position formally held by the President. Lee refused this, because of his loyalty to his leader and his position. Even his opponents recognised this situation, and Ulysses S. Grant wrote in his memoirs how Davis was totally out of touch and only Lee provided any hope for his side. Maxwell notes that Davis' poor leadership is one of the main reasons that the Confederacy lost the war, and that the USA could be a very different place today had Lee been the leader!

Maxwell points out that in this kind of situation, following an ineffective leader can be hugely frustrating for a strong middle-leader. He then describes a number of different types of poor leadership that one might encounter in this way. The Insecure Leader Everything that happens to an insecure leader gets filtered through their self-centredness. If one of their people does a great job, they feel overshadowed. Conversely, if someone does a poor job they often grow angry because they are being made to look bad.

Maxwell recounts the story a joke, I hope! And when you find them - fire them! Maxwell also recounts a story told to him by a friend who had an insecure boss.

This man had a policy of keeping all his workers off-balance. Middle leaders in this situation not only have to manage their boss' insecurities for themselves, but also need to try to deflect the problems from affecting their own people.

The Visionless Leader These individuals create two problems in an organisation. Firstly, they provide no direction or motivation. Secondly, they usually lack passion for their work. These factors don't "create the kind of positive environment that is exciting to work in".

Middle leaders with vision can use this to motivate their section, but need to be aware that other people, possibly with non-productive visions, may try to take advantage of the vision vacuum to further their own agendas. The Sultan was insistent that the minaret had to be made of gold. The problem was, there wasn't the budget available to do this! Arguing with his boss could quite conceivably have been the end of the architect who needed a creative solution.

His answer was to build the mosque with six stone minarets. When questioned by the Sultan on the absence of gold towers, he replied that he had misheard his instructions and thought the Sultan wanted six "alti" in Arabic towers, not a gold "altin" one!

Fortunately, managing around an incompetent leader today is unlikely to result in the literal loss of one's head! Maxwell notes that incompetent leaders are likely to limit the growth of the entire organisation he refers to the Law of the Lid, from his book The 21 Irrefutable Laws of Leadership.

The Selfish Leader Maxwell quotes leadership expert, Tom Peters: "The selfish leader will attempt to lead others for their own gain These people believe that life is a point driven, zero-sum game, with winners and losers".

He also tells of a leader that he met who had worked for a selfish leader who hoarded all the perks of his position. As a consequence, this leader now makes a deliberate effort to share his perks with those who work for him. The Chameleon Leader Maxwell tells the story of a teacher, who was desperate for work during the Great Depression. When asked in an interview whether the world was round or flat, he answered "I can teach it both ways!

Chameleon leaders have the same sort of reaction when cornered. This causes major difficulties for their followers who can never be sure which way the leader is heading. The Political Leader This type of leader is closely related to the Chameleon Leader, but tend to be motivated by desire to get ahead, rather than emotional immaturity.

The Controlling Leader This type of leader micro-manages everything you do, which is highly frustrating for any competent person. This leadership style is often caused by an overly perfectionistic personality, or by the leader's belief that no one else can do the job as well as they can i. Maxwell then turns to some suggestions on how to tackle these kinds of problems. He notes that the usual desire is to "fix or replace" the boss, but that these options are not usually open to middle- leaders and are even inappropriate.

Maxwell notes that most people will find themselves in this situation to some degree or another at some time in their careers, and that it is especially likely to happen to strong leaders. He provides six practical tips: 1 Develop a solid relationship with your leader Many people react to an ineffective leader by withdrawing from them.

Maxwell urges one to resist this tendency, as it only leads to a lose-lose scenario. Building a good, professional relationship will further the cause of the organization, and may give you the ability to provide a positive influence. Maxwell advises trying to find what these areas of strength are, and how they can best be utilised for the good of the organization.

In this case, if your leader has weaknesses in areas where you are strong, you may be able to compensate for those weaknesses. However, this needs to be done very carefully and tactfully - if a weak leader perceives that you are criticising them or trying to show them up they may react badly. If they identify a weakness or a need, you can try, privately, offering to help in that area. Emphasize that you are trying to relieve them of an area of responsibility so that they can better focus on applying their strengths in another area.

Again, this needs to be done sensitively so that it does not come across as criticism. Maxwell suggests approaches such as "I just [read] this book, and I thought you might enjoy it too" or "I was reading this wonderful book, and I thought of you; the author and you have a similar background".

If an approach like this is well-received, you can follow up with further resources. A closing quote: It's hard to find a downside to adding value to your leader and organization, especially if you maintain a long view. In time, people will recognize your talent. Others will value your contribution. They will admire your ability to succeed and to help others - even those less talented than you - succeed. Some things to think about: 1 Have you ever encountered a leader who exhibited any of the weaknesses listed by Maxwell?

What was your experience like? Maxwell makes the point that many middle-leaders have to fulfil multiple roles or wear multiple "hats", hence the name of this challenge. He contrasts this with the experience of the people at the top or the bottom of an organisation.

At the Bottom People at the bottom of any organisation usually have a few, relatively straightforward tasks to perform although these may require considerable skill and training in some cases : "most of the time, they require only one 'hat'. Another example is a grill cook in a restaurant. The tasks to be performed by such a cook are relatively straightforward: prepare the grill area before the restaurant opens, grill the necessary food as orders come in, and clean up the grill area at the end of the shift.

Considerable skill is required, but there is little variation in the requirements of the job. People in these positions may become very good at what they do. Leadership requires the ability to do many things well". Maxwell uses a sporting analogy here, pointing out that leadership is more like competing in a decathlon, rather than a single event. At the Top The leaders at the top of an organisation face many competing pressures, but they can also choose where to focus their time and energy.

Anything that doesn't use their personal strengths to the best advantage of the organisation can often be ignored or delegated. Maxwell points out the paradox in this: in order to rise to the top position, one must do many things well, but once there one must focus on doing a few things excellently. In the Middle This is where the multi-hat challenge arises, and very frequently. Leaders in the middle are "often Maxwell gives a simple diagram to illustrate this with a leader in the middle facing demands from above, demands from customers on one side, from suppliers on the other side, and expectations from the people below them in the organisation who report to them.

He returns to the example of the grill cook, who might be promoted to sous-chef the person responsible for running a restaurant. The grill cook is answerable only to the sous-chef and usually only interacts directly with him or her. When the cook gets promoted however, he has to deal with the cooks at all the stations in the kitchen, with the waiters, possibly directly with the customers if the waiter cannot handle a difficult situation, with the suppliers who provide food and cooking materials, and with the owner or manage of the restaurant.

Suddenly he has to manage the staff of the restaurant, the scheduling of the food for orders, the price and quality of supplies, the complaints of customers, the expectations of the owner, etc.

Life was a lot simpler as a grill cook, when all he had to wear was one hat! These kinds of challenges, usually inherent in any middle-leadership position, often put people off seeking leadership positions. Maxwell then turns to some practical tips on how to manage the multi-hat challenge.

She is very careful not to abuse the "representing John Maxwell" hat she wears on these occasions to steer things the way she thinks they ought to go.

In the same way, after such a meeting, when reporting back to Maxwell, she is careful to represent the views of the people at the meeting as objectively as she can. This is critical to establishing trust with the people you interact with.

Maxwell tells the story of a person he knew who was a senior leader for an organisation. This man was asked to manage two additional departments during a transitional period. In order to ensure that all his areas of responsibility were covered properly, he set up three offices.

He spent five hours of the day in his primary office, and a further two hours each in the additional departments for which he was temporarily responsible. While this is a little extreme perhaps, it allowed him to keep up with the demands of each of the three portfolios for which he was responsible and helped him to make the context-switch required for each of them, ensuring that none of them was neglected. One has to be prepared to change hats at short notice and adapt to the curve balls that inevitably come one's way.

A closing quote: Some people love a new challenge and thrive on the rapidly changing demands and nature of leadership in the middle of an organization. Others find it less appealing. But it's something all Degree Leaders must learn to navigate if they want to be successful and influence others from wherever they are in the organization. Some things to think about: 1 Can you think of any examples of someone who has abused their hats, or changed their personality with their hats?

What was the effect of this behaviour? How do you balance the tensions that this causes? Maxwell opens this chapter by describing how people will often come up to him at leadership conferences and make comments about how they would love to do what he does. Maxwell admits that he loves his work, but he always asks them if they would be prepared to do what he had to do in order to reach the position that he is in today!

He then describes what he had to do when he was starting out: driving in his small, cheap car to speak to small groups of people for no payment, just because of his passion for the subject of leadership. As he got better known, he had to fit speaking engagements into the busy schedule of his "proper" job - "long flights, unhealthy food, and long hours" - then teach for six hours a day for a week.

As his reputation grew further, his wife had to pitch in to help, while they had to employ someone to look after their children. They would spend hours packing their teaching materials, then carry them into cars and planes as they travelled.

The days spent preparing the lesson and dozens of hours of logistics and travel were not"! We look at great leaders and only see the "good" part of the job, not the years of difficult development and preparation. He quotes the great tennis player, Arthur Ashe: "True heroism is remarkably sober, very undramatic.

It is not the urge to surpass all others at whatever cost, but the urge to serve others at whatever the cost". Many middle leaders struggle with the ego challenge, desiring the public recognition and credit for their work often deserved , but not getting it. Maxwell then provides some tips on how to manage this challenge.

He considered the question for a while then responded, "Second fiddle. I can get plenty of first violinists, but to find one who can play second fiddle with enthusiasm - that's a problem". Middle leaders can get so caught up in the dream of their ultimate goal that they lose sight of the immediate issues.

Focusing on the job at hand, and doing it well, will cause others to notice you and your contribution. Even more importantly, you can rest contented in a job well- done, rather than hankering after a dream, frustrated. The beaver says, "No, I didn't actually build it myself.

But it was based on an idea of mine"! The point is that you need to value your own work and contribution, as others may not do so. If we are focused on some dream, we may lose the satisfaction of the here-and-now, and may not enjoy the journey that will get us to our dream.

These leaders took their organisations to remarkable heights, performing orders of magnitude better than their competitors. Collins identifies a number of reasons for this, among them, the unusual style of leadership that he describes as "level five". These leaders are not the gung-ho, charismatic figures who get the front-page attention of the press, but are marked by a quiet humility. As a leader one should recognise that one has done a job well, and take satisfaction from that, whether it is acknowledged by others or not.

This should also serve as an internal source of motivation, leading to less reliance on external motivation. For example, a musician will get far more satisfaction from a compliment from a fellow-musician than from an unqualified fan.

If a fellow middle-leader pays you a compliment, take it as highly credible praise from someone who knows what they're talking about. He encouraged Newton to publish his work, then helped edit, produce and finance the publication of "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", which caused Newton to become far more famous than Halley. Selfless promotion seeks to put others first, rather than self, to build others, rather than self, up. In closing, Maxwell relates the material of this chapter to the idea of an "abundance mind-set", introduced by Stephen Covey.

Another author, Tim Saunders, has built on this idea, stating that "there are plenty of resources, credit and opportunities to go around". Conversely, he believes that much conflict arises from the opposite, a scarcity mind-set.

Excellent middle-leaders cultivate an abundance mind-set, which will usually result in their being noticed and promoted. Some things to think about: 1 Have you ever received a compliment from someone in the same or similar position as your own? Would you agree that this is worth more than a compliment from someone else?

Which ones make the best leaders? Challenge 5: The Fulfillment Challenge: Leaders like the front more than the middle The Key to Managing the Fulfillment Challenge: "Leadership is more disposition than position - influence others from wherever you are". Maxwell tells the joke about the dog-sled team: the lead dog's view is always changing, but the view for the mid-pack dogs is constant "and not exactly what one would call 'scenic'"!

Most people's natural inclination is to seek to improve themselves and their position: they want more recognition, more money, a better home, etc. Leaders also want to move up, to have a greater influence, etc. He describes leadership as a "double-edged sword He then makes a number of observations that bear out this two-sided perspective.

People seeking this kind of affirmation may perceive the top position as desirable for this reason. However, the leader is also the one held responsible and who takes the criticism and the punishment when things go wrong. One just needs to look at sports teams for examples: if the team does badly, it is usually the captain or the coach who is held responsible. Being the top dog can be a positive experience, but in many organisations it can also lead to dismissal!

He turned to the interviewer and said, "It's obvious that you've never been to the top of a mountain"! Leaders often have a better perspective of what is happening, they are privy to the details of the organisation - they have a better "view".

But again, there is another side to this. If one has a good view, one is responsible for trying to resolve the problems that one sees, as well as enjoying the good aspects. The longer I lead, the more I discover how little the leader controls". Maxwell notes that leaders do control direction and timing, but that most of the time, their responsibility to the organization gives them little freedom. Maxwell repeats one of his favourite quotations, by David Livingstone: "I will go anywhere provided it is forward".

However, a leader has to temper his or her enthusiasm to allow their followers to keep up. Racing ahead is a recipe for disaster. However, working with other people usually takes more time. He uses the analogy of a trip to the supermarket with your kids - it's much faster on your own! A business trip with colleagues is usually slower than travelling on your own.

As a leader you will have to adapt your pace to suit your team. However, in many organisations, the action takes place in the middle. The leaders may make the decisions, but the work is carried out by the followers. Maxwell tells of one his colleagues who gave up a top leadership position to come and work as the deputy in one of Maxwell's companies. He is a good leader, but has chosen to place himself in a position where he can make a more concrete contribution.

Maxwell then gives some suggestions on how to find fulfillment while in a middle-position in an organisation. He quotes Henrietta Mears: "The person who keeps busy helping the one who is below him won't have time to envy the person above him".

Maxwell suggests that maintaining the right attitude or disposition is the key to being satisfied with your current position, and being able to influence people. Maxwell notes that many potential opponents may in time turn out to be useful allies.

This echoes one of my favourite quotes from Lance Armstrong: "When I wear the yellow jersey [the special riding jersey worn by the race leader], I figure I only deserve the zipper. The rest of it, each sleeve, the front, the back belongs to the [team]" Every Second Counts", Lance Armstrong, As an example of a middle-leader who made a great team contribution, Maxwell sticks with sports and describes the career of Bob Christian, a fullback in the Atlanta Falcons American football team.

Fullback is not a glamourous position - the main role is to block attacking opponents. As a result, Christian was never a star player by any of the usual measures runs, catches, touchdowns, etc. He received several man-of-the-match awards for his excellent blocking.

Keeping informed prevents unpleasant surprises as strategy and tactics change, and prevents demoralisation arising from a sense of being kept in the dark mushroom syndrome! Middle leaders thus need to work on the communication channels, both downward trying to keep in touch and upward keeping their boss informed on how they are implementing the vision. The turkey wasn't wrong, just ignorant about the impending celebrations featuring turkey!

He quotes Ed Cole: "Maturity doesn't come with age. It begins with the acceptance of responsibility". Focusing on one's current responsibilities and the experience that is being gained in the middle of an organisation is an excellent antidote to hankering after a higher position - the satisfaction of a job, well done.

The two men had different political beliefs and totally different personalities Churchill once described Attlee as "a modest man with much to be modest about"!

However, during World War II the two men buried their differences for the sake of the country, Attlee serving as Deputy Prime Minister and the only person besides Churchill who was a member of the British Cabinet for the entire war. Once their common goal was achieved they went their separate ways, opposing each other in the elections, where Attlee triumphed over Churchill. A closing quote: "helping others to win [is] much more important than where you are in the organizational chart".

Some things to think about: 1 Would you agree with the statement "I thought that the leader in front could control many things in an organization. The longer I lead, the more I discover how little the leader controls"? Can you think of any other examples of this paradox? How can you improve your communication channels? Challenge 6: The Vision Challenge: Championing the vision is more difficult when you didn't create it The Key to Managing the Vision Challenge: "The more you invest in the vision, the more it becomes your own".

Most people with leadership ability want to see their own vision and goals achieved, rather than someone else's. However, when you're in the middle of an organisation, you usually have to work towards the fulfillment of someone else's vision.

In order to reach a position where you can set the vision for the organisation, you will need to put in the effort to support the goals of your current leader.

Maxwell lists a number of potential responses to the challenge that this entails, ranging from the most negative to the most positive. There are a number of possible reasons for this. People usually want a sense of ownership Maxwell asks when you last washed a hire car! For this reason many organisations try to follow a participative approach to setting the vision, but this is not always possible and new members of the organisation will not have this advantage.

Despite the best efforts to communicate and explain a vision, some people may not understand it. For this reason, leaders need to repeat the vision frequently and in as many different ways as possible Maxwell quotes an author who said that leaders have to act like third-grade teachers in this regard!

People may feel that the vision is unattainable, or less often that it is too small. Others may disagree with changes made to the vision over time. However, one of the most common problems in this regard is that people disagree with the leader and so refuse to accept any vision that he or she presents. There are two sides to this.

Conversely, if they don't respect the leader, he or she can cast the most compelling vision imaginable and people will reject it. This obviously relates back to point b , and is critical when welcoming new people into an organization.

It needs to be communicated clearly, creatively, and continually". Leaders can dictate the vision, they can ask for assistance in achieving the vision, or they can have an attitude that says "We can't do this without you" which is usually all too true. The last strategy clearly instills more loyalty and motivation.

Maxwell tells of the workers in a parachute factory in World War II. The work was repetitive and boring sewing large pieces of plain material together, all day long. Some people may not be ready "emotionally, intellectually or professionally" to engage with the vision. It it is an issue of ability, training may help, but if it is an issue of attitude, there is a more serious problem. Any of these six problems causes a breakdown in the communication and implementation of the leader's vision to the people who are responsible for bringing it about.

This usually means the vision will never be achieved. Middle leaders have a responsibility to try to break through any logjams that occur in this way. This can be difficult for a middle leader who does not necessarily agree completely with the vision, but, for the sake of the organization, should be seen to be supporting it.

However, if this happens again, the individual needs to reflect deeply on their motives, as there is probably some other problem. Maxwell tells of a middle leader who managed the IT section for the training department of a large organisation. The responsibilities were fairly mundane and there was no clear contribution to the organisation's overall goals I suspect that many of the support staff in the University feel the same way. This middle leader discussed his frustration with his boss, and developed a plan for the IT section to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the training department.

In this way the IT manager felt far more fulfilled and made a greater contribution to the company. Aligning the visions of the top leaders and the middle leaders in this way leads to increased job satisfaction and organisational and personal success.

Ideally middle leaders should adopt the vision as if it were their own and strive to bring it about. One cannot usually jump straight to this level, but has to earn the right to add value by first championing the existing vision. However, the benefit of attaining this level is that the vision challenge is eliminated, because the middle leader is effectively working towards their own vision, as an extension of the organisation's vision.

Maxwell describes one of his own organisations, a non-profit leadership training group. Initially, he had a three-pronged vision, focussed on training in academia, in urban areas and internationally.

Over time, the middle leaders realised that they were diluting their energies and started to encourage the top leadership to consider focussing more closely on doing one thing really well.

The outcome of that was a reworking of the vision to concentrate solely on the international training aspect. A closing quote: "Vision begins with one person, but it is only accomplished by many people".

Some things to think about: 1 What is your organization's vision? How well do you know it? What was your response? This week we consider the last of the challenges that face Degree leaders, described by John Maxwell in his book "The Degree Leader: Developing Your Influence from Anywhere in the Organization". Perhaps more than any of the previous six challenges this one is impossible to avoid. Leading other people is never easy and this is particularly true when trying to lead up and lead sideways.

Maxwell states that degree leaders need to change their approach from "I want a position that will make people follow me" to "I want to become a person whom people will want to follow". This underscores a slightly different point: even if you do have a position of leadership, people will not necessarily follow you. However, if you can develop influence and persuade people to follow you when you don't have a leadership position then it becomes even easier as you ascend to more senior leadership positions.

Maxwell then outlines a number of different aspects of influence and how this can be developed. This is usually counter-productive as people will become defensive or even obstructive. John Knox said "You cannot antagonize and influence at the same time".

However, people who show genuine concern for others will usually have a great deal of influence. In one of his other books, Maxwell puts it like this: "People don't care how much you know, until they know how much you care". If you demonstrate genuine concern for others, then they will usually be prepared to extend themselves to help you.

And while those things are important, they cannot substitute for strong character". Stories of leaders who suffer from moral failures or character flaws are all too common, and very quickly destroy any respect people had for such leaders. Some people believe that they can live as they like today, and change their behaviour when they reach a leadership position. They are probably deluding themselves on two counts: 1 that they will receive a leadership position if they have not already demonstrated their trustworthiness, and 2 that they will be able to change when the time comes.

One of his immediate reports developed the technique of listing all the issues he needed to discuss with his boss, and then taking time in meetings to judge the boss' mood. If the boss was in his usual bad mood, the middle- leader would keep quiet. However, when the boss was in a good mood, the middle-leader would work through the whole list.

Needless to say this was not ideal, particularly when problems were left unresolved for several weeks, waiting for the right opportunity! Good leaders need to discipline themselves to be consistently approachable I guess one could be consistently grouchy, but that's not going to achieve much! Winston Churchill or Martin Luther King demonstrate immense commitment to their cause or organisation. People will be prepared to follow and to sacrifice for a leader who demonstrates a whole-hearted commitment themself.

In closing, Maxwell refers back to another of his books, "Becoming a Person of Influence", which he co-authored with Jim Dornan. This book is framed around the following acrostic: I ntegrity: builds relationships on trust N urturing: cares about people as individuals F aith: believes in people L istening: values what others have to say U nderstanding: sees from their point of view E nlarging: helps others become bigger N avigating: assist others through difficulties C onnecting: initiates positive relationships E mpowering: gives them the power to lead A closing quote: "The whole secret is to think influence, not position.

That's what leadership is all about". Some things to think about: 1 Can you think of a leader who demonstrated serious character flaws? What impact did this have on their leadership? Having considered myths and challenges that face Degree leaders, in this section he starts to consider some practical principles that can be applied when trying to "lead up" пїЅ to influence those above you in the organisational hierarchy.

This is probably the hardest of the three types of leadership that Maxwell identifies in this book leading up, leading across and leading down. Using his idea of leadership as influence he suggests adding value to your leaders as the best way of gaining influence with them.